Dual-mode Innovation

A hobbyist created a vehicle which can switch between quadcopter and tank modes with the push of a single button. Michael Rechtin's vehicle transitions from driving to flying via a four-bar linkage system. A retracting linear actuator rotates the wheels and prop guards to a vertical position for flight. The main structure is reinforced with carbon fiber plates, while critical load-bearing parts are made from lightweight carbon fiber nylon for strength and heat resistance.

"It took hundreds of 3D-printed parts, countless design tweaks, broken hardware, faulty software, and some questionable choices--but in the end, I built something that actually works," said Rechtin, in a video posted on YouTube.

Material Optimization

The vehicle is primarily built using 3D-printed components, with over 100 parts manufactured on Bamboo Labs' X1 Carbon and P1S printers. For less critical components, matte PLA filament was used. The choice allowed for extra parameters and infill to strengthen the parts, though it increased the vehicle's weight. To support the structure, the vehicle also incorporates non-3D-printed parts, such as carbon fiber side plates.

Project Background

The inspiration for this project came from a desire to combine two earlier creations: an RC car and a quadcopter. A quick online search by Rechtin revealed that only a few universities had attempted similar designs, making this a unique challenge that required original thinking. The project began with computer-aided design (CAD) software called Onshape, which allowed the designer to sketch ideas, test linkage systems, and ensure the transformation mechanism would work.

Design Challenges and Solutions

According to Rechtin, the most challenging aspect of the design was developing a linkage system that could switch the vehicle between driving and flying modes. Creating a 2D model early in the design process helped refine this complex mechanism. After hours of coffee-fueled creativity, the design evolved into a functional 3D model ready for construction.

Performance Testing

The transition system operated well during testing, and the tank mode demonstrated exceptional power and mobility. However, because the quad weighed more than 7.2 pounds (3.3 kilograms), early flight testing showed problems with weight and actuator strength. Redesigning heavy components and refining materials to reduce weight are among the proposed changes.

Open Source Design

This design is open source and can be found on GitHub.

Flight Choices

What would you choose to fly: the futuristic V-280 Valor, V-22 Osprey, or UH-60 Black Hawk?